Notes

SQLite is an embedded database that holds a SQL database in a single file. It is one of the most frequently chosen options for local storage in desktop and mobile apps.

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cmd.exe is the command processor on Windows NT-family systems. It debuted in 1993 with Windows NT 3.1 and ships with every Windows release. Since PowerShell arrived, cmd's role as an entry point for new code has shrunk,…

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Developing on Windows often runs into "Linux-only tools" — Docker, certain CLIs, shell scripts, compilation environments. WSL2 raises a real Linux environment inside the same machine without dual-booting or a heavyweigh…

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These three acronyms are often cited together as software design principles. Their origins and meanings differ slightly, and some interpretations even conflict. This article covers the origin, intent, and frequently con…

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An embedding is the result of mapping text (or images · code) to fixed-dimensional real-valued vectors. On top of the assumption that semantically close items sit close in the vector space, search · clustering · classif…

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The Agent Development Kit (ADK) Google released in 2025 is an open-source framework for building LLM-based agents and multi-agent systems. It assumes integration with Vertex AI but stays relatively neutral on models and…

Developing on Windows often runs into "Linux-only tools" — Docker, certain CLIs, shell scripts, compilation environments. WSL2 raises a real Linux environment inside the same machine without dual-booting or a heavyweigh…

Vitest is a testing framework that grew out of the Vite ecosystem. It keeps a similar grain to Jest while handling ESM, TypeScript, and watch mode more lightly.

Gemini is the model series Google DeepMind released in late 2023. Multimodal input — handling images · audio · video · code alongside text — and the very long context that came in with 1.5 are the often-cited features.

Whenever the browser renders a page, several protective mechanisms run in concert. Same-origin policy, CORS preflight, the script allow-list of CSP, HSTS, and the isolation headers introduced after Spectre. This article…

Spring carries two web stacks side by side. The older Spring MVC (Servlet-based, synchronous and blocking) and the relatively newer Spring WebFlux (Reactor-based, asynchronous and non-blocking).

Even with the same language and the same code, the basics like paths, line endings, shells, and permissions shift once the operating system changes. Linux falls on the macOS side of this split (both are Unix-flavored).

Different projects need different language runtime versions. Version managers let one machine switch between many versions safely. This article covers the leading tools for Node, Python, and the JVM, plus multi-language…

Testing code that depends on external systems like a DB, Redis, or Kafka usually splits into two paths. We either mock the dependency, or we boot a real instance and verify against it. Testcontainers is the library that…

Even for the same character, the bytes a computer stores depend on the era and environment. As a result, Korean text breaks or git diff fills with meaningless line changes.

An embedding is the result of mapping text (or images · code) to fixed-dimensional real-valued vectors. On top of the assumption that semantically close items sit close in the vector space, search · clustering · classif…

TypeORM was once a representative ORM in the Node camp and was widely used alongside NestJS. Its position has shifted somewhat as new ORMs appeared, but it still runs in many codebases.

Several books and studies discuss what "good names" are. This article organizes facts from Clean Code, Code Complete, Mythical Man-Month, and Cognitive Load theory.

Storing passwords in plaintext is obviously wrong, but the choice of hash function and how to use it has changed across eras. The MD5 → SHA-1 → bcrypt → scrypt → Argon2 progression is not fashion but the result of an ar…

Linters and formatters look similar but play different roles. This article covers the definition of each, the leading tools, and the trade-offs.

Trying to fix every problem in one big refactor often fails. A pattern of steady cleanup in small units tends to produce more stable results — a common observation. This article covers the Boy Scout Rule and the Strangl…

The question "OOP or functional?" used to be treated like a tribal feud. Today's modern languages support both, and real-world code mixes the two paradigms naturally. This article covers the origin of each paradigm, the…

A shell is the interpreter that takes user input and hands it to the operating system. On the same OS we can pick from several shells, each with slightly different syntax and capabilities.

Learning Git commands and learning how a team operates Git are two different things. This article covers branching strategies, commit message conventions, version notation, PR review, and hook tools.

pnpm is one of the package managers in the Node.js ecosystem. This article covers pnpm's origins, how it works, and how it differs from other managers — based on facts.